The Impact of Culture on Ecological Footprint An Experiment Sample

Why did wall street crash in 1929 Free Essays

In 1929, there was a finished absence of trust in the U.S. economy, prompting many, numerous financial specialists selling their offers. We will compose a custom exposition test on For what reason did divider road crash in 1929? or then again any comparative point just for you Request Now This is known as the divider road crash. This was brought about by various short and long causes, of which I will expound on later. Right off the bat, we should think about the old approach of levies in Europe. This is significant in light of the way that Europeans couldn't bear the cost of u.s. merchandise, as the taxes for the purchasing of u.s. products was a lot for Europeans to pay. Another explanation the Europeans couldn't stand to purchase u.s. merchandise is on the grounds that most European nations had powerful war credits they needed to take care of to America, which they were battling to repay as it seemed to be. There was across the board neediness in the u.s.a. in the 1920’s. practically half of American family units had a normal pay of under $2000 p.a. this bought just the minimum necessities throughout everyday life. The most exceedingly awful hit were the dark individuals and new foreigners, who were exceptionally oppressed. Many dark individuals lived in destitution in country urban communities in america. New migrants to america were given the most minimal paid occupations, as Americans were profoundly preference against Europeans, in addition to they would work for anything just to live in america. With the breakdown of exchange unionism, there was little elbowroom for laborers to expect better wages. The two reasons recently referenced, let to overproduction of products in the u.s.a. as american residents couldn't bear to purchase any u.s. merchandise as they were in terrifying destitution. Individuals abroad couldn't accepting u.s. products as it would be unreasonably costly for Europeans as the u.s.a. had forced taxes which burdened the import/fare of u.s. merchandise. The limited quantity of individuals that could bear the cost of the items had just purchased precisely what they had needed. There were an excessive number of merchandise, and insufficient individuals to get them. In the mid 1920’s, the american financial exchange was doing incredibly in view of the blast in business made by the u.s. inward market. Be that as it may, anyway in the mid-20’s the hypothesis of stocks started to increment. This is to state that individuals were putting resources into an organization just in the desire for share costs rising. As an ever increasing number of individuals contributed along these lines share costs emerged from all extent to their genuine worth. Since the u.s.a. had set up its interior market it had been simple for americans to obtain cash using a loan. Little financial specialists utilized this obtained cash to purchase stocks(â€Å"on the margin†) little speculators realized that on the off chance that they lost this cash they would not have the option to take care of this. In the event that the banks had not been taken care of by the leasers, they would not have the cash to advance to individuals attempting to purchase â€Å"on the margin†, thus numerous banks close. In the harvest time the specialists of financial exchange started selling their stock as should have been obvious that offer costs were over esteemed. This terrified little speculators, and they started selling frantically. This lead to banks losing cash from the loss of offers. This thusly lead to the breakdown of the securities exchange. This is the divider road crash The most effective method to refer to Why walled road crash in 1929?, Papers

The Best Two Paragraph Essay Samples

The Best Two Paragraph Essay SamplesWhen you are doing your research for your college essay, you will find many two paragraph essay samples. Some of them are very good, and others are not so good. You can use these samples as a guide, but you should still be able to do better if you read on.Before you start to look at any two paragraph essay samples, you need to know how to write a great first paragraph. The first paragraph is the one that is going to grab the reader's attention. If you start your essay in a mediocre way, then you will fail miserably. What makes a good first paragraph? How about an appealing start, and ending?For your two-paragraph essay to be successful, it is important that you make sure that you are using the first paragraph to grab the reader's attention. People will want to read your first paragraph, because it is a big promise. It tells them that you have a great story that you can tell with just a few words.Now, you need to put some meat on your bones, and con tinue the story in the second paragraph. In order to do this, you have to get the reader to care about what you have to say.Keep in mind that the first paragraph is your first shot, and you need to make sure that you don't come across as boring or uninterested in what they have to say. Once you get them interested, you can move on to the second paragraph, where you will give them your full attention.Another thing that you should look for in any two paragraph essay samples that you do find, is proper grammar. Writing a good two-paragraph essay is all about sentence structure and grammatical structure. You do not want to have to read a whole sentence allover again, and that is why you need to check out your grammar.Two paragraph essays are much more difficult than a regular essay. The key to getting that perfect grade on your essay is to make sure that your first paragraph is well written, and that you move on to the second paragraph with ease. You don't want to go back and fix things that are wrong in your first paragraph.Using any two paragraph essay samples, is a great way to practice for the next semester, or even the next year. It will help you get used to writing a long essay, and that is the most important thing.

7 Major Types of Algae

The SMART objectives - 1344 Words

3.1 SMART objectives SMART objectives are a great tool to help the company keep the directions of its goals. They manage five key elements to achieve an effective goal setting. SMART stands for: †¢ Specific †¢ Measurable †¢ Attainable †¢ Relevant †¢ Time bound SMART objectives needs to follow the same direction of Nike in general terms, as NIKExperience will be a diversification of the brand. Thus, NIKExperience objectives need to work along with the vision and mission statements of the project. 6 months objectives 1 year objectives - Increase NIKExperience brand awareness through press mentions, PR activities and social media. Brand awareness needs to be increased in different European countries. (France, Germany and UK mainly, as Spain gets the most part of its tourists from these countries) - Strong presence in media with an increase of 35% (both Nike official media, and non official) - Increase of social media followers such as Facebook likes, re-twits, Instagram likes, etc. (At least 500.000 of each one) - International brand awareness both in Europe and other territories such US or Asia. - Develop a strong marketing campaign mainly focused in Barcelona. - Create an exciting and efficient service experience. - Develop a strong digital marketing campaign through Nike website as well as other platforms such Barcelona Growth in order to reach customers from other countries. - Raise brand loyalty in terms of locals in Barcelona who join NIKExperience as their mainShow MoreRelatedSmart Objectives893 Words   |  4 PagesSMART Objectives The establishment of all objectives should be created using the S.M.A.R.T. philosophy. What do we mean by S.M.A.R.T. objective? S.M.A.R.T. is an acronym that is used to guide the development of measurable goals. Once a project is planned, consider on developing several goals that will enable it to be successful. A goal might be to hold a weekly project meeting with the key members of a team and a continuous programme throughout the project. The acronym SMART has several slightlyRead MoreTraining Objectives And Smart Goals931 Words   |  4 Pages Training Objectives and SMART Goals: Metro PC Name Date School Class â€Æ' Company information Metro PCs Communications, Inc. (PCS) is the fifth largest wireless broadband mobile communications provider in the United States. The company has 9.3 million customers as of the 2011 (10 K Report). Metro offers wireless broadband mobile services in the form of long-term and short term contracts as well as paid-in-advance billing. Metro was incorporated in 2004 and is based in Richardson, Texas. SinceRead MoreSmart Training Objectives for a Team2613 Words   |  11 Pages | |[pic]THOUGHT OF THE DAY: Set the |Understanding SMART Goal Setting | |stage for change |Goal setting is a powerful way of motivating people. The value of goal setting is so well recognized | | |that entire management systems, like Management by Objectives, have goal setting basics incorporated | | |withinRead MoreEssay on Volkswagen Smart Objectives1895 Words   |  8 PagesEach student has to research and analyse into the allotted company particularly with reference to : Introduction to company amp; Industry, its business, Products /services/brands offered, Mission, Vision, SMART objectives, weekly share price movements since 1st march 2010, its key financial results, Core competency ,main global competitors with their market share. ( word limit 400 words) . Also , Every student has to present ones work in class for two minutes using PPT slides. this will beRead MoreCafe Nero Environment, Swot Analysis, Smart Objectives Essay examples2810 Words   |  12 PagesPage Content Caffà ¨ Nero Facts 3 Environment Analysis 3 SWOT Analysis 5 SMART OBJECTIVES 6 SEGMENTATION 7 Marketing strategies 7 7Ps 8 Monitor and evaluating plan 10 Read MoreCase Study : Smart Management System1033 Words   |  5 PagesIV. SMART MANAGEMENT SYSTEM In Smart Grid two-way flows of electricity and information are supported, which lay the base for realizing a variety of functions and management objectives, such as energy efficiency development, operation cost reduction, demand and supply balance, emission control, and utility maximization. A common surface understanding about Smart Grid is that only the energy, information and communication infrastructure underlying the Smart Grid is smart. This is not true. The moreRead MoreReflection On Writing Lesson Observation980 Words   |  4 Pagesnumber 2. Objectives of the Lesson A. Standard: K.CC.A.3: Know number names and the count sequence. Write numbers from 0 to 20. Represent a number of objects with a written numeral 0-20 (Common Core State Standards, 2016). Objective: Kindergarteners will be able to write the number 2 in their handwriting handbook after practicing on slates. B. Standard: K.CC.A.1: Know number names and the count sequence. Count to 100 by ones and by tens (Common Core State Standards, 2016). Objective: KindergartenersRead MoreIndia: An Attractive Market for Mobile Phone Manufacturers973 Words   |  4 Pagesin detail the smart phone market and factors that make smart phones desirable for the customers. We tried getting these answers from our secondary research however we could not find any comprehensive case study. The unavailability of any comprehensive comparative case study which demonstrated both consumer’s and expert’s perspective on rapidly changing smart phone market, acted as a motivation for us to research on this subject. From our secondary research we found that the smart phone market hasRead MoreUse S. M. A. R. T Goal Setting For Laundry Business Analysis786 Words   |  4 Pagesarticle referenced the Linen Management industry and particular objective that an organization must consider for development. At the point when a company acquires the extraordinary traits of S.M.A.R.T goal, they can gauge, track and measure progress concentrating attention on work designs and a sense of duty regarding the execution of target. Notwithstanding, due to the significant and reasonable standard built in S.M.A.R.T objectives that empower input to enable feedback and learning it keeps aRead MoreEducating Students With Effective Lessons1120 Words   |  5 Pagesstate and districts that teachers must follow. Effective teachers look at those standards and narrow them down to the power standards or what a student needs to know to be successful. In addition to the power standards, I need SMART goals, learning outcome s and learning objectives in place for my students. It is important that I use real-world applications to prepare my student for college and career readiness. I am going to design and develop an engaging lesson for my advanced students in my construction

EconomicGlobalization has Reduced the Role of the National State

Question: Describe about the Issues in Global Economy? Answer: Economic globalization has reduced the role of the national state Globalisation ha splays one of the pivotal roles in shaping up the most of the economies in recent times. The concept of free trade and liberalization has been change the trading system between the nations. Although the globalization has created integration among the nations and economies but it has reduce their capacities to deal with existing demand (Tanzi , 1999). The nations and state today are squeezed by the existing and growing forces global economies. On the other hand, growing power of global economies has increases the devolution of power of the existing economies. Globalization has made the nations to make their choices of economies and freedom of speech. Economic globalization has reduce the role of national state for good because the globalization has made the world local which also known as Glocal. Globalization has helped the economy to get self sufficient without the interference of national state (Stiglitz, 2009). As per the report of IMF , economic globalisations has made encourage the free trade, allowed FDI and secondary market flows that has made the world economies to self sufficient due to which the burden of the national state of managing the market has reduced. Developing countries is currently receiving about quarter of world FDI inflows starting from 1988-1998 (Gamber and Hung, 2001). Increases in FDI from 10% in 1988 to more than 75% in 2009 have made these developing nations improve its economic condition. It has also been found that, around 40% of the funding within the African nations is catered by the European nations. Apart from that, globalization has not only integrated the nation but also improve the quality of products and services for the consumer worldwide. Improvement in technological field has made the sharing of information and communication inexpensive that has affected the styles of politics, culture and social organisations (Wolf, 2001). Globalisation has reduced the threat of the monopoly for the national and state government. With lots of options and expansion of educational opportunities has made the explosive growth of the poor nations. With the information from the worldwide, citizen of the nations are joining hands to improve the nations demand via introducing usual services from the existing local authority. During the events occurred in Genoa at the G8 summit, in Prague in September 2000 during the meeting globalization and its changing culture is been one of the major discussion during the summit. Some of the major instance of new way of managing transitional organised activit ies and has made the globalization to take charge of current economies. Globalization has made the national state to improvise more and bring the world class facility in terms of transportations, consumer products and services. For instance, public transport in recent times has been decreased, specifically in the air and water shipment charges has also improve the globalization association with citizens across the world. As noted by Stiglitz (2009), apart from that national and state has to invest lower in NGOs and other charity in order to improve the life of sick, orphanage and homeless populations. For instance, UN reports show that more than 45,000 NGOs function globally. In addition to that, most of the international NGOs take part in these forums that have helped the local authorities and poverty based nations to improve their current situations. Globalization has also made the national and state intervention lower because in term of sustainability. In current contemporary business scenario, nations and state does not have to make effort, companies are coming with new ideas and innovative way to reduce the wastage and control the pollution via GO green, manufacturing recyclable products, Plastics are banned in order to create sustainable development as the customers today are very much associated with that companies that are very much eco friendly. Reference List Journals Tanzi ,V .(1999). International Monetray Fund: Fiscal Affirs depart,net , Journals of demise of the Nation State, Vol:12, pp-3 to 16. Stiglitz ,J (2009), Globalization and economic role of the state in the new millennium , Journals of Industrial and Corporate change , Vol:12 , pp-3-26. Gamber, E. and Hung, J. (2001). Has the rise in globalization reduced U.S. inflation in the 1990s?. Economic Inquiry, 39(1), pp.58-73. Wolf, M. (2001). Will the Nation-State Survive Globalization?. Foreign Affairs, 80(1), p.178.

The 8-Step Process for Leading Change free essay sample

By improving their ability to change, organizations can increase their chances of success, both today and in the future. Without this ability to adapt continuously, organizations cannot thrive. Dr. Kotter has proven over his years of research that following The 8-Step Process for Leading Change will help organizations succeed in an ever-changing world. Step 1: Establishing a Sense of Urgency Step 2: Creating the Guiding Coalition Step 3: Developing a Change Vision Step 4: Communicating the Vision for Buy-in Step 5: Empowering Broad-based Action Step 6: Generating Short-term WinsStep 7: Never Letting Up Step 8: Incorporating Changes into the Culture STEP 1: Create a Sense of Urgency Help others feel a gut-level determination to move and win, now In their rush to make a plan and take action, most companies ignore this step — indeed close to 50% of the companies that fail to make needed change make their mistakes at the very beginning. Leaders may underestimate how hard it is to drive people out of their comfort zones, or overestimate how successfully they have already done so, or simply lack the patience necessary to develop appropriate urgency. We will write a custom essay sample on The 8-Step Process for Leading Change or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Leaders who understand the importance of a sense of urgency are good at taking the pulse of their company and determining whether the state of the organization is: Complacency Complacency can occur whether your organization is at the top of their market or facing bankruptcy. Its a state where people fail to react to signs that action must be taken, telling themselves and each other, Everything is fine. False urgency People are busy, working-working-working, but their actions dont result in helping the business succeed in their primary goal. This leads to unproductive results, and eventually, burnout. True urgency People are clearly focused on making real progress every single day. Urgent behavior is driven by a belief that the world contains great opportunities and great hazards. It inspires a gut-level determination to move, and win, now. There are some tried and true ways companies go about creating true urgency. Usually the urge is to skip to the doing rather than spend the required time it takes to get a significant number of employees urgent.Here are the most common ways companies fail and succeed at establishing true urgency: Guaranteed to Fail: The problem in failed change initiatives is rarely that the case for change is poorly thought out, or not supported with sufficient facts. A solid business case that has a theoretically compelling rationale only appeals to peoples head and not their heart. Guaranteed to Succeed: Leaders who know what they are doing will aim for the heart. They will connect to the deepest values of their people and inspire them to greatness.They will make the business case come alive with human experience, engage the senses, create messages that are simple and imaginative, and call people to aspire. STEP 2: Creating the Guiding Coalition Putting together a group with enough power to lead the change No one person, no matter how competent, is capable of single-handedly: †¢developing the right vision, †¢communicating it to vast numbers of people, †¢eliminating all of the key obstacles, †¢generating short term wins, †¢leading and managing dozens of change projects, and †¢anchoring new approaches deep in an organization’s culture.Putting together the right coalition of people to lead a change initiative is critical to its success. That coalition must have the right composition, a significant level of trust, and a shared objective. The Importance of Teams to Decision Making In a rapidly changing world, complex organizations are forced to make decisions more quickly and with less certainty than they would like and with greater sacrifice than they would prefer. It is clear that teams of leaders and managers, acting in concert, are the only effective entities that can make productive decisions under these circumstances.It is essential that the team develop a level of trust in one another. This is the glue that makes the team function well. In today’s world, team building has to happen quickly. Typically, this occurs in an off-site with carefully facilitated activities that allows for team members to make connections between both hearts and minds. Constructing the right team and then combining a level of trust with a shared goal in which the team believes can result in a guiding coalition that has the capacity to make needed change happen despite all of the forces of inertia. The Four Qualities of an Effective Guiding CoalitionIn putting together a Guiding Coalition, the team as a whole should reflect: †¢Position Power: Enough key players should be on board so that those left out cannot block progress. †¢Expertise: All relevant points of view should be represented so that informed intelligent decisions can be made. †¢Credibility: The group should be seen and respected by those in the firm so that the group’s pronouncements will be taken seriously by other employees. †¢Leadership: The group should have enough proven leaders to be able to drive the change process. STEP 3: Developing a Change VisionClarify how the future will be different from the past A clear vision serves three important purposes. First, it simplifies hundreds or thousands of more detailed decisions. Second, it motivates people to take action in the right direction even if the first steps are painful. Third, it helps to coordinate the actions of different people in a remarkably fast and efficient way. A clear and powerful vision will do far more than an authoritarian decree or micromanagement can ever hope to accomplish. Many visions are deceptively mundane. Often the vision is part of a larger system that includes strategies, plans and budgets.However, the vision is the glue that holds these things together and makes sense of them both for the mind and the heart. A good vision can demand sacrifices in order to create a better future for all of the enterprise’s stakeholders. Such visions must be seen as strategically feasible. To be effective, a vision must take into account the current realities of the enterprise, but also set forth goals that are truly ambitious. Great leaders know how to make these ambitious goals look doable. When a vision is undergirded with a strong, credible strategy, it becomes evident to the stakeholders that the vision is not a pipe dream.A vision must provide real guidance. It must be focused, flexible and easy to communicate. It must both inspire action and guide that action. It should be a touchstone for making relevant decisions, but not be so constricting as to reduce the possibility of empowering action. Finally, it must be communicable. If it cannot be explained quickly in a way that makes intuitive sense, it becomes useless. Thus, effective visions have six key characteristics. They are: †¢Imaginable: They convey a clear picture of what the future will look like. †¢Desirable: They appeal to the long-term interest of those who have a stake in the enterprise. Feasible: They contain realistic and attainable goals. †¢Focused: They are clear enough to provide guidance in decision making. †¢Flexible: They allow individual initiative and alternative responses in light of changing conditions. †¢Communicable: They are easy to communicate and can be explained quickly. STEP 4: Communicating the Vision for Buy-in Ensuring that as many people as possible understand and accept the vision Gaining an understanding and commitment to a new direction is never an easy task, especially in complex organizations.Undercommunication and inconsistency are rampant. Both create stalled transformations. Most companies undercommunciate their visions by at least a factor of 10. A single memo announcing the transformation or even a series of speeches by the CEO and the executive team are never enough. To be effective, the vision must be communicated in hour-by-hour activities. The vision will be referred to in emails, in meetings, in presentations – it will be communicated anywhere and everywhere. Executives will use every effective communication channel possible to broadcast the vision.They turn boring and unread company newsletters into lively articles about the vision. Ritualistic and tedious quarterly meetings are turned into exciting discussions about transformation. Generic education programs are thrown out and replaced with sessions that focus on business problems and the new vision. In communicating the vision for the transformation, there are some things to keep in mind. The vision should be: †¢Simple: No techno babble or jargon. †¢Vivid: A verbal picture is worth a thousand words – use metaphor, analogy, and example. †¢Repeatable: Ideas should be able to be spread by anyone to anyone. Invitational: Two-way communication is always more powerful than one-way communication. In pursuit of simplicity, fewer words are better. Consider the following: Version 1: Our goal is to reduce our mean time to repair parameters so that they are perceptually lower than all major competitors inside the United States and out. In a similar vein, we have targeted new product development cycle times, order process times, and other customer-relevant processes for change. Version 2: We are going to become faster than anyone in our industry at satisfying customer needs.Actions Speak Louder Than Words Even more important than what is said is what is done. Leaders who transform their organizations â€Å"walk the talk. † They seek to become a living example of the new corporate culture that the vision aspires to. Nothing undermines a communication program more quickly than inconsistent actions by leadership. Nothing speaks as powerfully as someone who is backing up their words with behavior. When an entire team of senior management starts behaving differently and embodies the change they want to see, it sends a powerful message to the entire organization. These actions increase motivation, inspire confidence and decrease cynicism. STEP 5: Empowering Broad-Based Action Removing as many barriers as possible and unleashing people to do their best work Structural Barriers Many times the internal structures of companies are at odds with the change vision. An organization that claims to want to be customer focused finds its structures fragment resources and responsibilities for products and services. Companies that claim to want to create more local responsiveness have layers of management that second guess and criticize regional decisions.Companies that claim to want to increase productivity and become a low-cost producer have huge staff groups that constantly initiate costly procedures and programs. The list is endless. Many times, these are the most difficult barriers to get past because they are part of the internal structure of the company. Realigning incentives and performance appraisals to reflect the change vision can have a profound effect on the ability to accomplish the change vision. Management information systems can also have a big impact on the successful implementation of a change vision.Up-to-date competitive information and market analysis, and the ability to communicate powerfully and effectively throughout the company in a cost effective way can speed up feedback loops and provide information necessary for people to do their jobs more efficiently. Troublesome Supervisors Another barrier to effective change can be troublesome supervisors. Often these managers have dozens of interrelated habits that add up to a style of management that inhibits change. They may not actively undermine the effort, but they are simply not â€Å"wired† to go along with what the change requires.Often enthusiastic change agents refuse to confront these people. While that approach can work in the early stages of a change initiative, by Step 5 it becomes a real problem. Easy solutions to this problem don’t exist. Sometimes managers will concoct elaborate strategies or attempt manipulation to deal with these people. If done skillfully this only slows the process and, if exposed, looks terrible – sleazy, cruel and unfair – and undermines the entire effort. Typically, the best solution is honest dialogue. STEP 6: Generating Short-term Wins Creating visible, unambiguous success as soon as possibleFor leaders in the middle of a long-term change effort, short-term wins are essential. Running a change effort without attention to short-term performance is extremely risky. The Guiding Coalition becomes a critical force in identifying significant improvements that can happen between six and 18 months. Getting these wins helps ensure the overall change initiative’s success. Research shows that companies that experience significant short-term wins by fourteen and twenty-six months after the change initiative begins are much more likely to complete the transformation.Realizing these improvements is a challenge. In any change initiative, agendas get delayed, there is a desire to ensure that customers are not affected, political forces are at work – all of which slow the ability to perform as promised. However, short-term wins are essential. To ensure success, short term wins must be both visible and unambiguous. The wins must also be clearly related to the change effort. Such wins provide evidence that the sacrifices that people are making are paying off. This increases the sense of urgency and the optimism of those who are making the effort to change.These wins also serve to reward the change agents by providing positive feedback that boosts morale and motivation. The wins also serve the practical purpose of helping to fine tune the vision and the strategies. The guiding coalition gets important information that allows them to course-correct. Short-term wins also tend to undermine the credibility of cynics and self-serving resistors. Clear improvements in performance make it difficult for people to block the needed change. Likewise, these wins will garner critical support from those higher than the folks leading the change (bosses, board, and shareholders).Finally, short-term wins have a way of building momentum that turns neutral people into supporters, and reluctant supporters into active helpers. Planning not Praying Short-term wins rarely simply happen. They are usually the result of careful planning and effort. Why don’t people plan for these? Often they are overwhelmed with the tasks of the change effort and simply take their eye off this particular ball. In other cases, people don’t even try because they believe that you can’t produce major change and short-term performance results. Finally, the lack of short-term wins can often be traced back to insufficient management expertise on the Guiding Coalition or a lack of commitment by key managers to the change initiative. Pressure to Perform Clearly the need to get short-term wins adds a great deal of pressure to an organization in the midst of a transformation effort. However, when done skillfully, the need to create short-wins can actually increase the sense of true urgency and actually accomplishing these goals does much to cement the change initiative. STEP 7: Dont Let Up! Consolidating gains and producing more changeResistance is always waiting in the wings to re-assert itself. Even if you are successful in the early stages, you may just drive resistors underground where they wait for an opportunity to emerge when you least expect it. They may celebrate with you and then suggest taking a break to savor the victory. The consequences of letting up can be very dangerous. Whenever you let up before the job is done, critical momentum can be lost and regression may soon follow. The new behaviors and practices must be driven into the culture to ensure long-term success. Once regression begins, rebuilding momentum is a daunting task.In a successful major change initiative, by step 7 you will begin to see: †¢More projects being added †¢Additional people being brought in to help with the changes †¢Senior leadership focused on giving clarity to an aligned vision and shared purpose †¢Employees empowered at all levels to lead projects †¢Reduced interdependencies between areas †¢Constant effort to keep urgency high †¢Consistent show of proof that the new way is working A Long Road Leadership is invaluable in surviving Step 7. Instead of declaring victory and moving on, these transformational leaders will launch more and more projects to drive the change deeper into the organization.They will also take the time to ensure that all the new practices are firmly grounded in the organization’s culture. Managers, by their nature, think in shorter timeframes. It is up to leaders to steer the course for the long-term. Without sufficient and consistent leadership, the change will stall, and succeeding in a rapidly changing world becomes highly problematic. STEP 8: Make It Stick Anchoring new approaches in the culture for sustained change New practices must grow deep roots in order to remain firmly planted in the culture. Culture is composed of norms of behavior and shared values.These social forces are incredibly strong. Every individual that joins an organization is indoctrinated into its culture, generally without even realizing it. Its inertia is maintained by the collective group of employees over years and years. Changes – whether consistent or inconsistent with the old culture – are difficult to ingrain. This is why cultural change comes in Step 8, not Step 1. Some general rules about cultural change include: †¢Cultural change comes last, not first †¢You must be able to prove that the new way is superior to the old †¢The success must be visible and well communicated You will lose some people in the process †¢You must reinforce new norms and values with incentives and rewards – including promotions †¢Reinforce the culture with every new employee Tradition is a powerful force. We keep change in place by creating a new, supportive and sufficiently strong organizational culture. A Guiding Coalition alone cannot root change in place no matter how strong they are. It takes the majority of the organization truly embracing the new culture for there to be any chance of success in the long term.